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Azaspiracid shellfish poisoning: A review on the chemistry, ecology, and toxicology with an emphasis on human health impacts ArchiMer
Twiner, Michael J.; Rehmann, Nils; Hess, Philipp; Doucette, Gregory J..
Azaspiracids (AZA) are polyether marine toxins that accumulate in various shellfish species and have been associated with severe gastrointestinal human intoxications since 1995. This toxin class has since been reported from several countries, including Morocco and much of western Europe. A regulatory limit of 160 mu g AZA/kg whole shellfish flesh was established by the EU in order to protect human health; however, in some cases, AZA concentrations far exceed the action level. Herein we discuss recent advances on the chemistry of various AZA analogs, review the ecology of AZAs, including the putative progenitor algal species, collectively interpret the in vitro and in vivo data on the toxicology of AZAs relating to human health issues, and outline the...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Azaspiracid (AZA); AZP; Shellfish poisoning.
Ano: 2008 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00077/18805/16375.pdf
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Un nouvel outil dans l'identification et la quantification des dinophysistoxines (DTXs) : le couplage Chromatographie Liquide Haute Performance / Spectrométrie de masse par piégeage d'ions quadripôlaire et interface d'électro- nébulisation (CLHP/SM2) ArchiMer
Mondeguer, Florence.
This report presents a new method for detection and confirmed quantification of dinophysistoxins (DTXs) using high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry with an ion trap and électrospray interface (HPLC/ESI/MS2). The parameters of the ESI source and ion trap spectrum analyser were optimised to provide detection of DTXs with maximum sensitivity. These improvements were obtained after reverse-phase separation on a C18 column, with a first elution to 0.1% TFA (75:25, v/v) in isocratic acetonitrile/water mode without flow split at a column flow rate of 200 µl/min for 15 min. A second elution gradient step was added to allow optimised processing of long series of analyses without signal obstruction. This method was validated...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Intoxication par les coquillages; Dinophysistoxines; Acide okadaïque; Dinophysistoxine-1; Couplage CLHP-électronébulisation- SM2 par piège d'ions; Toxines.; Shellfish poisoning; Dinophysistoxines; Okadaïque Acid; Dinophysistoxine-1; Liquid Chromatography coupled Ion Trap; Toxins.
Ano: 2002 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00136/24763/22839.pdf
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Validation d’un procédé automatisé d’extraction sur phase solide de glandes digestives de moules pour l’identification et la quantification des dinophysistoxines en LC/ESI/SM2 par piégeage d’ions quadripolaire ArchiMer
Mondeguer, Florence; Mestres, Gilberte; Rouland, Caroline; Montagu, Monique; Maillols, Hélène.
This report presents a new extraction method of the dinophysistoxins (DTXs), confirmed by quantification using high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry with an ion trap and electro spray interface (HPLC/ESI/MS2). The method originality consists on the adaptation of DTXs basic extraction procedure (liquid/ liquid) to a solid phase extraction (SPE) via a robotic station: ASPEC XLi The parameters of the automatization procedure were optimized to obtain the best DTXs recovery rate. These improvements were loaded with digestive gland mussel homogenat realized on a silica cartridge SPE, activated in hexane/chloroform (50:50), washed with hexane/chloroform (50:50) and extracted by an elution gradient (chloroform methanol (65:35) and...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Toxines; Intoxication des coquillages; Dinophysistoxines; Acide okadaïque; Dinophysistoxine-1; Méthode alternative; Extraction sur phase solide; Automatisation; Couplage CLHP/ESI/SM2 par piège d’ions.; Toxins; Shellfish poisoning; Dinophysistoxins; Okadaic acid; Dinophysistoxin-1; Alternative method; Solid phase extraction; Automation; Liquid chromatography coupled ion trap..
Ano: 2003 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00342/45270/44724.pdf
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